Scale (related to proportion): a technique where the artist makes one object larger than another in order to cause the larger object to appear closer to us than the smaller object.
Overlapping: a technique where the artist creates the illusion of depth by placing one object in front of another.
High-low placement: a technique where the artist places an object lower in the picture plane to make it appear closer to us than another object that is placed higher.
Arial perspective: a technique where the artist reduces the detail, and color intensity, as well as shifts the hue of an object toward the blueish end of the visible light spectrum in order to give the illusion of distance.
Linear perspective: A technique of creating the illusion of depth on a flat surface. All parallel lines receding into the distance are drawn to converge at one or more vanishing points on the eye-level line.
Vanishing point: A point on the eye-level line, toward which parallel lines are made to recede and meet in perspective drawing.
Eye level: A horizontally drawn line that is even with the viewer’s eye. In landscape scenes it can be the actual horizon line, but it can also be drawn in still life.
Convergence: In linear perspective, lines that represent parallel edges of an object; these may be drawn to converge to a single vanishing point.
Foreshortening: A method of applying perspective to an object or figure so that it seems to recede in space by shortening the depth dimension, making the object or figure appear three-dimensional.